Discussion: our observations indicated a hard way for SARS-CoV-2 to infect cardiomyocytes directly. Results of serum treatment suggested that serum from infected subjects induced cell stress (upregulation of p53 and HSP70) and elevation of DNA damage risk (increased γH2Ax and H3K79me2) in AC16. Additionally, in vitro coculture of SARS-CoV-2 and AC16 cells showed almost no infectious ability of SARS-CoV-2 to directly infect AC16 cells. Results: we found that high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), an indicator of cardiovascular disease, was higher in the acute stage of COVID-19. Moreover, serum obtained from acute stage of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and healthy controls were used to incubate with AC16 cells, then indicators associated with cell stress and DNA damage were analyzed by Western-blot. The isolated SARS-CoV-2 virus were co-cultured with human cardiomyocytes (AC16) and immunofluorescence assay was used evaluate the invasion of virus.
Materials & Methods: the serum markers of cardiovascular injury were analyzed by ELISA. Aims: To explore the mechanisms underlying cardiomyocytes damage induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the mode of action and mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 influencing cardiomyocytes still remain largely unclear. Case reports suggested that infection of SARS-CoV-2 is potentially associated with occurrences of cardiovascular pathology. So multiply 60 by pi/30 by 10 to calculate the distance the motor turns.Background: The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) in 2020 has led to millions of deaths worldwide. For example, suppose an engine’s speed rating is 60 rpm and you want to know the radians traveled in 10 seconds. How do you calculate the radians of a motor?Ĭalculate the radians over any given time interval. Formula: rpm = 2 π / 60 rad/s, or rad/s = 60 rmp / 2 π. Radians per second to Revolutions per minute. Second, you convert the number of revolutions to radians by noting that 1 rev = 2π rad. First, you convert between seconds and minutes, by either dividing or multiplying by 60. You can convert RPM (revolutions per minute) to rad/s (radians per second) or rad/s to RPM using a two-stage process. How do you convert rpm to rad/s and radians per second? It is a unit of rotational speed or the frequency of rotation around a fixed axis. Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min, or with the notation min−1) is the number of turns in one minute.
RPM to degree/minute = 2160 degree/minute.RPM to degree/minute = 1800 degree/minute.RPM to degree/minute = 1440 degree/minute.RPM to degree/minute = 1080 degree/minute.RPM to degree/minute = 720 degree/minute.RPM to degree/minute = 360 degree/minute.Quick conversion chart of RPM to degree/minute The frequency in hertz is equal to the revolutions per minute divided by 60. To convert a revolution per minute measurement to a hertz measurement, divide the frequency by the conversion ratio. The frequency in cycles per second is equal to the revolutions per minute divided by 60. To convert a revolution per minute measurement to a cycle per second measurement, divide the frequency by the conversion ratio. The angle in radians is equal to the revolutions multiplied by 6.283185. To convert a revolution measurement to a radian measurement, multiply the angle by the conversion ratio. How do you convert revolutions to radians?
The frequency in radians per second is equal to the revolutions per minute multiplied by 0.10472. To convert a revolution per minute measurement to a radian per second measurement, multiply the frequency by the conversion ratio.
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